Սլավոնական լեզուների հայերեն անունների ընդհանուր նկարագրությունը տարժամանակյա մոտեցմամբ

Abstract

The origin of the Armenian names of the Slavic languages dates back to the period of the New Armenian language (especially the 19th century). In modern Armenian, Slavic linguonyms are usually expressed by one word. An exception is the analytical variant ռուսաց լեզու (rusats lezu) "Russian language". Previously, there was a phrase լեհաց լեզու (lehats lezu) "Polish language", which later fell out of use. Among the Slavic linguonyms there are even neologisms (բոսնիերեն (bosnieren) "Bosnian language", չեռնոգորերեն (chernogoreren) "Montenegrin language"), the formation of which is a consequence of political processes. There are also several obsolete Slavic linguonyms (մալոռուսերեն (maloruseren) "Little Russian language", վելիկոռուսերեն (velikoruseren) "Great Russian language"). A certain variability is observed in the Slavic linguonyms of the Eastern Armenian and Western Armenian languages (բուլղարերեն (bulghareren) – պուլկարերէն (pulkareren) “Bulgarian language”, սերբերեն (serberen) – սերպերէն (serperen) “Serbian language”). In general, however, Slavic linguonyms are of a pan-Armenian character. Armenian linguonyms are mainly formed from non-derivative stems (լեհերեն (leheren) “Polish language”, ռուսերեն (ruseren) “Russian language”, խորվաթերեն (khorvateren) “Croatian language”, չեխերեն (chekheren) “Czech language”, սերբերեն (serberen) “Serbian language”, սլովակերեն (slovakeren) “Slovak language”, սլովեներեն (sloveneren) 90 “Slovenian language”, etc.). There are also linguonyms formed from derivative stems (including the suffix -ացի (-atsi)): ուկրաիներեն (ukraineren) "Ukrainian language" < ուկրաինացի (ukrainatsi ) "Ukrainian", մակեդոներեն (makedoneren) "Macedonian language" < մակեդոնացի (makedonatsi) "Macedonian". In the current period of development of the Armenian language, Slavic linguonyms are characterized by a certain functional stability and a low degree of variability. Armenian names of Slavic languages function as vocables in various dictionaries of the Armenian language. Some of them, however (mostly neologisms), are still not recorded in dictionaries, but are used in scientific and official speech.